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11. Ash and bits of rock that were burnt black were falling onto the ship now，darker and more, the closer they went. 灰烬和片片烧黑的岩石开始往船上掉落，他们走得越近，就越黑更多。(p.76 Reading第四段第1行) darker and more, the closer they went属于“the more...the more...”结构，意为“越…，越…”，前者为从句，后者为主句，在本句话中，主从句语序颠倒。且省略了从句中的the。如：① The more people you know，the less time you have to see them. 你认识的人越多，你见他们的时间就越少。 ② The more you study, the more you know. 学得越多，懂得就越多。 ③ The busier the old man is, the happier he feels. 那位老人越忙越高兴。④ The smaller the room or the more people in it, the faster the air becomes bad. 房子越小或里边的人越从，空气变坏的就越快。⑤ It becomes(the)colder, the higher we go up in the air. 我们越是往上天气就越冷。 【注意】(1) 前一个the是关系副词，表示程度范围等 (= by how much，in whatever degree)；后一个the是指示副词(= by so much，in that degree)。(2)有时根据具体语境可使用省略结构。如：① The more, the better．越多越好。② The sooner, the better．越快越好。 12. He paused for a moment wondering whether to turn back as the captain urged him. 当船长催促他时，他暂时停了一会儿想想是否返回。(p.76 Reading 第四段 第2行) 1) pause；break的区别：*pause 指动作的暂时停顿，语气较缓和。* break 指活动过程中为某种目的的暂时中断。* pause 常用来指说话或朗读中的换气或停顿的地方，也指战争期间的停火等。① The teacher played the tape with a pause after each sentence. 老师在放录音带时第一个句尾暂停一下。② I had to pause for breath. 我不得不停下来喘口气。③ Government sources said there would be no prolonged pause in the war. 据官方消息，这场战争的时间不会长久。④ Let's have a tea break to have a talk. 咱们喝点茶休息一下聊聊天。⑤ She has worked for 4 hours without a break. 她一口气干了4小时，没有休息一会儿。 ⑥ The workmen took a break so we enjoyed a brief respite from the noise. 工人们休息了一下，所以我们能够享受片刻的安宁。 2) for a moment意为“一会儿”(=for a while)。如： ① There was silence for a moment, then someone came out with a most useful suggestion. 沉默了一会儿，然后有人提出一项极有用的建议。② The question was so unexpected that, for a moment, she was at a loss how to act up properly. 问题来的这么突然，她一时不知道如何做出恰当的反应。③ I'll stay for a moment. 我要呆一会儿。 【注意】not for a moment意为“一刻也不；绝不”。如：① I don't for a moment doubt his innocence. 我绝不怀疑他的清白。② Not for a moment would I think that you did it. 我认为这绝对不是你干的。 【链接】与moment构成的介词短语：at the moment 此刻，当时；at the last moment 在紧要关头； for the moment 目前，暂时；in a moment 立即，马上； of the moment 现在的，目前的；to the (very) moment (时间)正好；at any moment 在任何时候；from the first moment 从开始起 3) whether；if的区别：whether；if作“是否”讲，一般可以互换，但下列情况例外，只能用whether：a. 后接动词不定式时; b. 引导的主语从句或宾语从句置于句首时；c. 引导表语从句或同位语从句时；d. 作动词discuss及介词的宾语从句时; e. 其后紧跟or not时。① I wonder whether to tell her or not. 我不知道该不该告诉她。② Whether this is true or not, I can't say. 这是不是真的，我不敢说。③ Whether he would come was uncertain. 他是否来还不清楚。④ The question whether the Prime Minister should resign must be decided soon. 首相应不应该辞职的问题必须迅速决定。⑤ The problem is whether she can arrive on time. 问题是她能否按时来到。⑥ -- When shall we leave for London? -- It depends on whether she's ready. — 我们何时动身去伦敦? — 要看她是否准备好了。⑦ He didn't say whether or not he would be staying there. 他没说他是否将在那里停留。⑧ We discussed whether we should dose the shop. 我们讨论了是否该把门关掉。 13. Upon arrival, my uncle hugged Pompy and tried to give him courage. 刚一到达那里，我叔叔就拥抱宠培并尽量为他鼓足勇气。(p.76 Reading 第5段 第3行) “on／upon + 名词／动名词”可在句中作状语，意为“一……就”，相当于as soon as引导的时间状语从句。如： ① On／Upon his return from Beijing, he began his research work. 他一从北京回来，就立即开始了他的研究工作。② The boys stood up on the entrance of the head teacher. 班主任一进来，孩子们就起立。③ On his arrival at the airport, he was arrested by the police。他一到机场就被警察抓住了。④ The woman cried out on bearing the strange whistle. 那妇女一听到那奇怪的哨音便立即大叫起来。⑤ On reading it，he found that a servant of the family in France had been put into prison, though no fault of his own. 看了信，他得知他法国家中的一个仆人无辜地被关进了监狱。 (责任编辑：admin) |