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【辨析】 direct；straight：表示“直接去某地”时，用direct (ly) 或straight, direct侧重“直接”，中途不停，而straight 侧重“直”不拐弯。 ① They went direct(1y)／straight home after school. 他们放学后直接回家。② The pupils sat straight, listening to their teacher. 学生们笔直地坐着听老师讲课。(此处不能用direct) 22. "She's done for", Captain MacWhirr said to himself. “她可完了，”麦克沃尔船长心里想。(p.79 Integrating Skills 第4段第4行) 1) do for在此意为“使完蛋，毁掉”，一般用作be done for结构。如：① He took nobody's advice but persisted in his wrong-doing．And now it has done for him. 他谁的劝告都不听，坚持错误，现在他可完了。② I'm afraid he is done for; he won't go over pneumonia at his age. 恐怕他这下子算是完了，他那个年纪得了肺炎是好不了的。③ I'm afraid these shoes are done for; throw them away. 这鞋子算是坏了，扔掉吧。 【拓展】do for还可意为“可做…用；对…适用；照料；替某人管家；得到(食物、饮料等)”。如：① This place will do for a gymnasium. 这地方可做体育馆用。② This room is rather small, but it will do for me. 这房间是小一点儿，但对我来说，也就可以对付了。 ③ Her neighbour did for her during her illness. 她生病期间，由一位邻居照料她。④ How will you do for water while crossing the desert? 你们越过沙漠时，水的问题怎么解决呢? 2) say to oneself 意为“心里想”，相当于think to oneself。如：① He said／thought to himself that there was something wrong. 他想其中有毛病。② "You shall repent this," said Jim to himself. “总有一天你会后悔，”约翰心里想。③ "I've got to go," she said to herself. 她心想，“我必须走了”。 【拓展】talk to oneself；think aloud意为“自言自语”，而非与say to oneself相同。如：He's always talking to himself. 他总是在自言自语。(=He is always saying something to himself.) 23. "Will she live through this?" “她能挺得过去吗?” (p.79 Integrating Skills第4段第5行) live through意为“活过；经历(困难，危险等) 而未死”，不能用于被动语态。如：① I don't know how I lived through the next week，waiting for the result. 我不知道我是怎样在等待结果中度过了下一周的。② I couldn’t live through another day like that. 照这样我一天也熬不下去了。③ The patient will not live through the night. 那病人将无法活过今晚。④ We never dreamt we'd have to live through another war. 我们做梦也没想到，我们还要经历一次战争。 【链接】与live有关的常见搭配：live over 再活一次；live up to 配得上；遵从(主义等)行动；live under sth. 生活在…下；live on 以…为主食；靠…生计；live by 以…为生；live down 改过自新；live for 渴望 24. With a tearing crash, tons of water fell upon the deck, as though the ship passed under a waterfall. 伴随着一声巨响，数吨水落在甲板上，好像船从瀑布下穿过一般。(p.79 Integrating Skills 第5段第5－6行) 1) with此处表示“与…同时／随时”，表示伴随情况。如：① Temperatures vary with the time of the year. 气温随季节的变化而变化。② With the approach of Christmas the weather turned colder. 圣诞节临近时天气变得更冷了。③ The girl seemed to be growing prettier with each day. 那女孩好像长得一天比一天漂亮了。 2) fall on／upon此处意为“落在”，也可作“猛烈进攻，袭击；向‘食物’猛扑过去；(节日等)适逢；(责任等)落在(某人)身上”讲。如：① They fell on the enemy vigorously. 他们猛烈地向敌人进攻。② The hungry children fell on the food. 饥饿的孩子们向食物扑去。③ This year National Day falls on a Monday.今年国庆节适逢星期一。④ Why do these expenses fall on me? 我为何要负担这些费用? 【注意】 fall on hard times意为“遭遇痛苦”；fall on one's feet意为“幸免于难”(源于猫从高处落下能站稳。 3) as though (=as if) 可用来引导状语从句或表语从句，意为“好像／仿佛……”，其内容往往是主观的想象或夸大性的比喻，在书面语中，从句谓语动词常用虚拟语气形式，有下列三种情况：a. 从句情况发生在主句之前，用过去完成时。b. 从句情况与主句同时发生，用过去时或过去进行时。c. 从句情况发生在主句之后，用过去将来时。① He walked slowly as though he had hurt his leg. 他走路缓慢，好像腿受了伤的样子。② It is as if she had known me for years. 她好像认识我许多年了。③ Crusoe heard a noise，as though someone was breathing. 克鲁索听到了嘈杂声，好像有人在呼吸。④ She always talks to me as though she were／was my sister. 她总是以我姐姐的语气跟我说话。⑤ The black sky looks as though it would fall. 漆黑的天空好像要塌下来似的。 【注意】如果as though从句中的谓语动词是表示状态的be，exist，have，belong to等时，动词一般用过去式。如：He took the dictionary away as though it belonged to him. 他拿走了这本词典，好像词典是他的似的。 【注意】当主句谓语动词是seem，look，feel，smell，taste等连系动词时，从句中情况发生的可能性又很大，从句要用陈述语气。如：① The meat tastes as though it has already gone bad. 肉尝起来好像已经坏了。② It looks as though we shall have to do the work ourselves. 看起来我们得自己做这项工作了。 (责任编辑：admin) |