第6章 第4节 一、选择题 1.等差数列{an}的前n项和为Sn,若S2=2,S4=10,则S6等于( ) A.12 B.18 C.24 D.42 [答案] C [解析] 由题意设Sn=An2+Bn, 又∵S2=2,S4=10,∴4A+2B=2,16A+4B=10, 解得A=34,B=-12, ∴S6=36×34-3=24. 2.数列{an}的前n项和为Sn,若an=1n+1n+2,则S8等于( ) A.25 B.130 C.730 D.56 [答案] A [解析] ∵an=1n+1n+2=1n+1-1n+2,而Sn=a1+a2+…+an=12-13+13-14+…+1n-1n+1+1n+1-1n+2=12-1n+2=n2n+2, ∴S8=82×8+2=25. 3.数列1×12,2×14,3×18,4×116,…的前n项和为( ) A.2-12n-n2n+1 B.2-12n-1-n2n C.12(n2+n+2)-12n D.12n(n+1)+1-12n-1 [答案] B [解析] S=1×12+2×14+3×18+4×116+…+n×12n=1×121+2×122+3×123+…+n×12n,① 则12S=1×122+2×123+3×124+…+(n-1)×12n+n×12n+1,② ①-②得12S=12+122+123+…+12n-n×12n+1=121-12n1-12-n2n+1=1-12n-n2n+1. ∴S=2-12n-1-n2n. 4.122-1+132-1+142-1+…+1n+12-1的值为( ) A.n+12n+2 B.34-n+12n+2 C.34-121n+1+1n+2 D.32-1n+1+1n+2 [答案] C [解析] ∵1n+12-1=1n2+2n=1nn+2 =121n-1n+2. ∴Sn=121-13+12-14+13-15+…+1n-1n+2=1232-1n+1-1n+2=34-121n+1+1n+2. 5.(2011•汕头模拟)已知an=log(n+1)(n+2)(n∈N*),若称使乘积a1•a2•a3•…•an为整数的数n为劣数,则在区间(1,2002)内所有的劣数的和为( ) A.2026 B.2046 C.1024 D.1022 [答案] A [解析] ∵a1•a2•a2•…•an=lg3lg2•lg4lg3•…•lgn+2lgn+1=lgn+2lg2=log2(n+2)=k,则n=2k-2(k∈Z).令1<2k-2<2002,得k=2,3,4,…,10. ∴所有劣数的和为41-291-2-18=211-22=2026. 6.(2011•威海模拟)已知数列{an}的前n项和Sn=n2-4n+2,则 |a1|+|a2|+…+|a10|=( ) A.66 B.65 C.61 D.56 [答案] A [解析] 当n≥2时,an=Sn-Sn-1=2n-5; 当n=1时,a1=S1=-1,不符合上式, ∴an=-1,n=1,2n-5,n≥2, ∴{|an|}从第3项起构成等差数列,首项|a3|=1, 末项|a10|=15. ∴|a1|+|a2|+…+|a10|=1+1+1+15×82=66. 7.(文)(2009•江西)公差不为零的等差数列{an}的前n项和为Sn,若a4是a3与a7的等比中项,S8=32,则S10等于( ) A.18 B.24 C.60 D.90 [答案] C [解析] 由题意可知a42=a3×a7S8=32, ∴a1+3d2=a1+2da1+6d8a1+8×72×d=32, ∴a1=-3d=2, ∴S10=10×(-3)+10×92×2=60,选C. (理)(2009•重庆)设{an}是公差不为0的等差数列,a1=2且a1,a3,a6成等比数列,则{an}的前n项和Sn=( ) A.n24+7n4 B.n23+5n3 C.n22+3n4 D.n2+n [答案] A [解析] 设等差数列公差为d,∵a1=2,∴a3=2+2d,a6=2+5d.又∵a1,a3,a6成等比数列,∴a32=a1a6,即(2+2d)2=2(2+5d),整理得2d2-d=0. ∵d≠0,∴d=12,∴Sn=na1+nn-12d=n24+74n.故选A. 8.在等比数列{an}中,a1=2,前n项和为Sn,若数列{an+1}也是等比数列,则Sn等于( ) A.2n+1-2 B.3n C.2n D.3n-1 [答案] C [解析] 解法1:由{an}为等比数列可得an+1=an•q,an+2=an•q2 由{an+1}为等比数列可得(an+1+1)2=(an+1)(an+2+1),故(an•q+1)2=(an+1)(an•q2+1), 化简上式可得q2-2q+1=0,解得q=1, 故an为常数列,且an=a1=2,故Sn=n•a1=2n,故选C. 解法2:设等比数列{an}的公比为q,则有a2=2q且a3=2q2, (责任编辑:admin) |