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▲ benefit from／by的用法: benefit from／by意为“从……中得益”“得益于……”。如：① We can all benefit from his knowledge. 我们均可得益于他的知识。② You benefit from what he told you in the letter. 你会从他的信中受益。 Section II 阅读 7. 99% percent of the living space on earth is in the oceans. 地球上百分之九十九的生存空间是在海洋里。(p.19 第一段 第2－3行) ▲百分数作主语时，即percent后有数词时，应注意两点：一是percent不能用复数形式；二是谓语动词的单复数。如果percent of后的名词为单数，谓语动词用单数；其后的名词为复数，谓语动词则用复数。如：① About 70 percent of the surface of the earth is water.地球表面大约百分之七十是水。② Eight percent of the students are absent today.今天有百分之八的学生缺席。 【注】percent可作为副词用，在句中作状语。如：①I notice you don't say that you're a hundred percent convinced yourself. 我注意到你没有让你自己完全信服。 ② Prices have risen 5. 5 percent in the past year. 过去一年物价上涨了5.5%。③ I think it's ninety percent probable. 我想有百分之九十的可能性。 【注】percent也可作形容词用，在句中充当定语。如： I paid him six percent interest.我付给他百分之六的利息。 【注】percentage意为“百分比”，多与of连用。如果连用的名词是复数，后面的动词就用复数形式，否则用单数形式。如：① What percentage of babies die of this disease every year? 每年婴儿死于这种疾病的百分率是多少? ② What percentage 0f his income is paid in income tax? 他的收入有多大比例用来交所得税? 8. Marine life is incredibly rich and varied. 海洋生物极其丰富多样。(p.19 第一段 第3行) ▲varied是由动词vary变化而来的过去分词，在句中作定语或表语。如：① The menu is varied and cheap.菜单上的菜花样很多也很便宜。② They made varied efforts to bring about a peaceful solution of the problems. 他们做了种种努力来和平解决这些问题。③ They are rich in content and varied in style.它们内容丰富、风格多样。④ He had had varied training and had held many offices.他受过多种训练并担任过多种职务。 ▲动词vary意为“有差异”“有变化”时，是不及物动词。如：① Courses vary according to the needs of the students. 课程根据学生的需要而不同。②People vary very much in their ideas. 人与人的想法差别是很大的。③ The answers given by different people vary greatly.不同人作出的回答，差别非常大。 ▲vary可作及物动词，意思是“使……有变化”“变换”。如：①You should vary your diet. 你的饮食应经常变换花样。② She varies her dress as fashion changes. 她的衣着随潮流而变化。 【注】vary充当及物动词时，可用现在分词作定语。如：varying prices 不断变化的价格。 9. There are about five million species in the oceans and we have yet to learn much about them. 海洋里大约有500万种生物有关这些种群的情况，我们还有许多东西要了解。(p.19第一段第4行) 1) species ▲ species意为“种”“类”。单复数同形，主要指生物学上有相同特征的动植物品种、种类。如：① The agri- cultural extort has developed a productive species of rice.这个农业专家培育出一种高产水稻品种。② Pandas are an endangered species.熊猫是一种濒临灭绝的动物。③ Some species of animals have become extinct because they could not adapt to a changing environment.有一些动物已经灭绝了，因为它们不能适应环境的变化。 【注】species可用来表示“人类”。如：① The use of nuclear weapons is a horrible threat to the species. 核武器的使用对人类是一个严重的威胁。② The protection of our environment will benefit the human species.保护环境有益于全人类。 (责任编辑：admin) |