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人教新课标高二英语上册教学资料精析+精练 Unit 1 No Boundaries 1. It takes a very unusual mind to undertake analysis of the obvious. 分析明显存在的事物需要非凡的头脑｡ the obvious表示抽象概念,指“明显存在的事物”｡ “the + 形容词或分词”表示一类人,在句中作主语时,谓语动词为复数形式; “the + 形容词或分词”表示抽象概念,在句中作主语时,谓语动词为单数形式｡例如: The rich are not always happy. 有钱人未必都是幸福的｡ The true is to be distinguished from the false. 真伪要辨明｡ The beautiful can never die. 美是不朽的｡ 2. (There did not seem) much point in working on my PhD——I did not expect to survive that long. 取得博士学位对我来说似乎没有什么意义了,我没有期望活得那么久｡ (1) There seem to be ... 表示“似乎有……”｡其后接名词时, to be可省略｡ seem的单复数形式,取决于其后的主语｡例如: There seems (to be) no sign of life on Mars. (= There doesn’t seem [to be] any sign of life on Mars.) 火星上面似乎没有任何生命的迹象｡ (2) There is no point in doing sth.表示“做某事没有作用或没有意义”｡例如: There is no point in reading without thought. 读而不思毫无意义｡ Is there any point in asking him for help? 向他求助有用吗? (3) that long中的that是副词,意为“那样”,常用来修饰形容词或副词｡例如: The cat caught a rat about that big. 猫捉了一只大约这么大的老鼠｡ I could tell you only that much. 我只能告诉你那么多｡ Can a space shuttle travel that far? 航天飞机能飞那么远吗? 3. In fact, things were going rather well for me and I had got engaged to a very nice girl, Jane Wilde. 事实上,我的情况还算好,我和一位名叫“简•怀尔德”的漂亮姑娘订了婚｡ be/get engaged to sb.意为“与某人订婚”｡例如: She has been/got engaged to a young officer for half a year. 她与一个年轻的军官订婚已半年了｡ 4. Nor did he let the disease stop him from living the kind of life he had always dreamt of. 他也没有让病痛妨碍自己过梦寐以求的生活｡ (1) 这是个倒装句｡正常的语序为: He did not let the disease stop him from living the kind of life he had always dreamt of, either. nor含否定意义,位于句首时,句中的主语和谓语必须倒装｡例如: The child isn’t diligent; nor do I imagine that he ever will be. 这孩子不勤奋,我看他将来也勤奋不了｡ He is not familiar with the town. Nor is he interested in the custom here. 他不熟悉这个小镇,而且对这儿的风俗也不感兴趣｡ (2) dream of意为“梦想”､“梦到”､“渴望”,后面常接动名词｡例如: The American soldiers in Iraq dream of going home soon. 驻扎在伊拉克的美国士兵渴望早点回家｡ He is dreaming of becoming a pilot when he grows up. 他梦想着长大了当一名飞行员｡ 5. Readers were pleased and surprised to find that a scientist could write about his work in a way that ordinary people could understand. 读者们感到惊喜的是,科学家竟能够用普通人就能理解的方式来阐述自己的工作｡ 第一个that引导的是一个宾语从句,作find的宾语;第二个that引导定语从句,并在从句中充当could understand的宾语,该从句修饰先行词way｡ 6. Scientists, on the other hand, Hawking writes, know that their job is never finished and that even the best theory can turn out to be wrong. 霍金写道,从另一方面说,科学家知道他们的工作是永无止境的,即使是最好的理论也可能被证明是错误的｡ (1) on the other hand表示“另一方面”,通常与上文中的on (the) one hand(一方面)对应使用｡例如: He wants to be a teacher or an interpreter. On the one hand, schools need good teachers. On the other hand, some foreigners ask for help. 他想当老师或翻译｡一方面学校需要好的老师;另一方面,一些外国人需要帮助｡ Your achievement is, on the one hand, a success of your own and on the other hand, the result of our joint effort. 你的成就一方面是你个人的成功,另一方面也是我们共同努力的结果｡ (2) turn out是个短语动词｡ turn out用作及物动词时,意为“关(电灯)”､“生产”; turn out用作连系动词时,后接名词､形容词作表语,其后的to be可以省略｡其意为“原来是”､“结果是”､“证明是”｡例如: She forget to turn out the gas heater before going to bed. 她在临睡前忘记把煤气关掉了｡ The factory turned out two hundred thousand cell-phones last year. 这家工厂去年生产了20万部手机｡ The gentleman turned out (to be) a cheat. 这位绅士原来是个骗子｡ The English evening party turned out a great success. 结果英语晚会开得很成功｡ It was cloudy this morning, but it turned out fine later. 今天上午多云,但后来又转晴了｡ 7. First, they carefully observe what they are interested in. 首先,他们仔细地观察自己感兴趣的东西｡ 动词observe意为“注意､细心观察”,常用来表示进行科学研究方面的“观察”,后面可接单个的宾语或宾语从句,也可跟“宾语 + 不带to的不定式或现在分词”构成的复合宾语｡例如: The doctors observed the effects of the new medicine. 医生们观察新药的效果｡ Everybody observed him leave/leaving the office. 人人注意到他离开了办公室｡ We observed that it had turned cloudy. 我们注意到天已转阴｡ Observe how I do this. 注意看我是怎么做的｡ 8. Finally, the scientists test the theory to see if it matches what they have seen and if it can predict future events. 最终,科学家要检验这个理论,看它是否跟他们所见到的东西一致,是否能够预测未来事件｡ match用作及物动词时,意为“和……相配”､“和……相称”､“使较量”;用作不及物动词时,意为“相配”､“相称”｡例如: You should match your words with deeds. 你应当言行一致｡ Sharon was unable to find a pair of shoes to match her new skirt. 莎朗找不到一双鞋和她的新裙子相匹配｡ The curtains and the wallpaper match. 窗帘和墙纸很相配｡ These ribbons do not match with your hat. 这些丝带与你的帽子不相配｡ 9. It is not necessary to be a great scientist to make a difference, but there are things we can learn from the best minds in this world. 要有所作为,不一定非要成为大科学家,有的东西我们可以向世界上顶尖人物学习｡ make a difference有几种意思: (1) 起作用,有重大影响,关系重大; (2) 情况有很大改观｡例如: One false step will make a great difference. 失之毫厘,谬以千里｡ Having a good teacher makes a difference for us. 一个好老师对我们有很大影响｡ It makes no difference to me to stay on or to leave. 或去或留我都不介意｡ The fund would have made all the difference. 那笔资金本来会使情况大为改观的｡ 10. We must believe in what we do, even when others do not. 我们必须相信自己所做的事情,哪怕别人不相信也罢｡ 本句中的believe 是不及物动词,与介词in连用｡ believe in后接真理､宗教､主义等抽象名词时,作“信仰”解; believe in后接某人时,作“信任(信赖某人,相信其能力,认为他可靠)”解｡ believe in后面也可接动名词或从句,作“相信”解｡例如: Those who believe in the Marxist theory naturally reject such a view. 信仰马克思主义理论的人自然不接受这样一种看法｡ I am told that she is a capable woman, but I don’t believe in her. 有人说她很能干,但我还是不信任她｡ Most girls believe in keeping on a diet for losing weight. 大多数女孩相信节食瘦身｡ We believe in what they have done. 我们相信他们所做的事情｡ 11. People laughed at Zhang Heng when he first introduced his seismograph, and it was only later that the world recognized his greatness. 张衡最初介绍他的地动仪时,人们取笑他,只是到后来世人才承认他的伟大｡ and后面是一个强调句｡将其复原后应为: The world recognized his greatness only later. 又如: It was Marx who/that met Engels in Paris in 1848. 1848年正是马克思在巴黎遇到了恩格｡ It was Engels that Marx met in Paris in 1848. 1848年马克思在巴黎遇到的正是恩格斯｡ It was in Paris that Marx met Engels in 1848. 1848年马克思正是在巴黎遇到了恩格斯｡ It was in 1848 that Marx met Engels in Paris. 正是在1848年马克思在巴黎遇到了恩格斯｡ 12. Galileo’s observations show that Copernicus, another great astronomer, was right and that the earth moves around the sun, not the other way round. 伽利略的观察证实了另一位伟大的天文学家哥白尼是正确的:地球围绕太阳转,而不是太阳围绕地球转｡ (1) 动词后跟两个或两个以上的宾语从句时,引导这些宾语从句的第一个that可以省略,但第二个that或第三个that不能省略｡例如: I believe (that) the law was made for man and not man for the law; that government is the servant of the people and not their master. 我相信法律是为人制定的,人不是因法律才存在;我相信政府是人民的公仆,而不是人民的主人｡ (2) the other way round是美国英语,意为“相反地,从相反方向,用相反方式”｡例如: The helicopter is flying north, not the other way round. 直升飞机正在向北飞行,而不是向南飞行｡ 13. Everyone has his or her special skills and interests, and only by discovering what we do best can we hope to reach our goals and truly make a difference. 每个人都有自己的专长和兴趣,只有发现自己的专长,我们才能期望达到自己的目标,才能真正有所作为｡ only和其所修饰的副词､介词短语或状语从句位于句首时,其后的句子中或主句中的主语和谓语要倒装｡例如: Only then did I realize the importance of health. 只是在那时我才认识到健康的重要性｡ Only by changing the way of life can we save the earth. 只有我们改变自己的生活方式,才能拯救地球｡ Only after making investigations can we have the right to speak. 只有通过调查我们才能取得发言权｡ Only when she took off her dark glasses did I recognize she was a film star. 只有当她取下墨镜时我才认出她是个电影明星｡ 但是依照“only + 主语 + 谓语”模式构成的句子,也就是说,句首的only仅仅是修饰主语时,其后的主语和谓语不需要倒装｡例如: Only very careful readers can find this mistake. 只有很细心的读者才会发现这个错误｡ 单元检测 Ⅰ. 单项填空 A. 课本要点 1. The scientist spent about two years_________ the movement of the star. A. noticing B. observing C. glaring D. staring 2. —I haven’t got a pen to write a letter with. —_________you use a ball-pen? A. How about B. How C. What if D. What for 3. We wanted to get home before dark, but it didn’t quite_________ as planned. A. make out B. turn out C. go on D. come up 4. Only in this way_________ to make improvement in the operation system. A. you can hope B. you did hope C. can you hope D. did you hope 5. There is no doubt, I think,_________ he will be admitted to a key university. A. which B. what C. whether D. that 6. Don’t be too_________ about things you are not supposed to know. A. strange B. amusing C. curious D. conscious 7. I don’t think these black clothes_________ her age. I guess red ones may be better. A. match B. fit C. connect D. equal 8. I will look into the matter as soon as possible. Just have a little_________. A. wait B. time C. patience D. rest 9. You should_________ some advice from your lawyer on this matter. A. ask B. give C. find D. seek (责任编辑：admin) |