(2)but用作介词 ①与no,nobody,nothing,none,who等词连用,作“除……之外”解,用来排除同类,从整体中除去一部分。如: Nobody knew her but me. 除我以外,没有人认识她。 The problem is anything but easy. 这个问题可绝对不容易。 ②but前若有do的某种形式(did,does)时,but后的动词不定式就省略to;若无则带to。如: We had no choice but to wait. 除了等待我们别无选择。 He did nothing all day but watch TV. 一整天他除了看电视无所事事。 ③与last,next及one,two等连词,作“倒数第二、第三”等解。 Tom was the last but one to arrive. 汤姆是倒数第二个到达的。 Take the next turning but two on your left. 在你左方第三个转弯处拐弯。 (3)but用作副词 ①相当于only,意为“不过;只”,后跟名词或动词。如: Tom is still but a child. 汤姆只是个孩子。 ②用在can后意为“只能”;用在cannot后意为“不得不”。如: I can’t but hurry back. 我只能赶紧回来。 I cannot but admire his bravery. 我不得不佩服他的勇敢。 ③用在too…to…结构前表肯定的意义。如: I’m but too glad to go there with you. 我非常高兴和你一起去那里。 (4)but的习惯用语 ①but for=without 意为“要不是;如果没有”,相当于一个虚拟条件句。如: But for the rain we would have a pleasant journey. (=If it didn’t rain,we would have a pleasant journey.) 要不是下雨,我们这次旅行会很惬意。 But for your help,we couldn’t have finished the work. 要不是你帮忙,我们不可能完成这项工作。 ②but that=except that 意为“若非;要不是”,引导虚拟句。如: He would have helped me but that he was short of money at that time. 要不是他那时候没钱,他会帮助我的。 ③nothing but=only 意为“只;不过是”。如: We could see nothing but water. 我们只看见一大片水。 ④not…but…意为“不是……而是……”,连接两个并列成分,后面可跟名词、形容词、副词、短语从句等。如: My bag is not red but black. 我的书包不是红的而是黑的。 The letter is addressed not to me but to you. 这封信不是写给我的而是写给你的。 ⑤not only…but also…意为“不但……而且……;既……又……”,连接两个并列成分。如: Not only you but also she has to attend the meeting. 不但你而且她也必须参加这次会议。 He not only teaches us English but also does other things. 他不但教我们英语而且还干别的事情。 ⑥not that…but that…意为“不是……而是……”。如: Not that the car is out of order,but that I’ve not learned to drive it. 不是汽车出了故障,而是我还没学会开车。 ⑦can’t help but do…意为“不能不……,忍不住……”。如: I can’t help but cry. 我忍不住哭了。 (责任编辑:admin) |