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第二部分 阅读理解(30分) A External bleeding Apply direct pressure. Place a clean, folded cloth over the injured area and firmly apply pressure. If blood soaks through, do not remove it. Instead, cover that cloth with another one and continue to apply pressure to the wound for 7~10 minutes. If the bleeding is from the ear, place a clean bandage over the ear, lay the victim on his side, and allow the blood to drain out through the bandage. Elevate the injury. Position the wounded part of the body above the level of the heart if possible while you apply direct pressure. Know the pressure points. If direct pressure and elevation don't sufficiently slow the bloodflow, find a pressure point. Large arteries(动脉) found close to the skin's surface supply blood to the head and to each arm and leg. The most common pressure points used during the first aid are located in the upper arms and in the creases(皱纹) above the upper legs. Apply pressure to the closest pressure point to the wound so that the artery is pressed between your fingers and the bone directly behind the artery. If using the pressure point on a leg, you may need to use the heel of your hand instead of your finger. Resort to a tourniquet(止雪带，压脉器).On very rare occasions everything listed above may fail. To prevent the victim from dying, you should apply a tourniquet. Once a tourniquet is applied, it should not be loosened or removed until the victim has reached medical help. Use a tourniquet ONLY if everything listed above has failed. If you use a tourniquet, write down somewhere on the victim the time when it was applied, so medical personal will know how long it has been in place. 36. According to the passage, if a person is wounded and bleeding, you should _____. A. cover the wound with a clean, folded cloth and press it B. spread some salve (药膏) on the wound C. pressed the wound firmly with your finger D. place a clean bandage over the wound 37. If the blood soak through the cloth, you should _____. A. change a clean one immediately B. wash the wound at once C. press the wound firmly with your hand D. cover that one with another one and press it 38. The underlined word in the sentence “Place a clean, folded cloth over the injured area and firmly apply pressure:” means _____. A. 申请 B. 应用 C. 实施 D. 生效 39. In this passage _____ ways are mentioned to stop blood. A. four B. three C. two D. one 40. According to the passage, we know that _____. A. it is better to put the injured part above the head to stop bleeding B. large arteries deep in the muscle supply blood to the head and to each arm and leg C. we should use a tourniquet first to stop bleeding D. the most common pressure points lie in the upper arms and in the crease above the upper legs B First aid means the aid or the help that can be given to an injured person first, that is, before any other help arrives. Nowadays there is usually a telephone not far away and the first we should do, if a serious accident happens, send to telephone for an ambulance. Sometimes quick action by us may save someones life. Shock. People often suffer from shock after receiving an injury, sometimes even when the injure is a small one①. The face turns grey, and the skin becomes damp and cold. They breathe quickly. They should be kept warm. Cover them with a blanket and give them a warm drink. Broken bones. Do not move the patient. Send for an ambulance at once②. Threat for shock if necessary. Bleeding. A little bleeding doesn't harm. It washes dirt from the wound. But if the bleeding continues, try to stop it by placing a clean cloth firmly over the wound until the bleeding stops or helps arrive. Poisoning. A person who has taken poison should be taken to a hospital at once. With some poisons, sleeping pills, for example, it is a good thing to make the patient throw up by pressing your fingers down his throat. Remember: When an accident happens, send someone to telephone for an ambulance at once. Keep the injured person warm and quiet. Give him plenty of air. Do not let other people crowd around him. 41. How many common accidents are mentioned in this passage? (责任编辑：admin) |