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T: (Ask another student.) Do you agree with him/her? S5: No, I don't think so. I think it is used as Adverbial. T: Yeah, now, we have two different opinions. which one is correct? Whose opinion do you agree with? Ss: The first answer is correet. It is used as Attribute, not Adverbial. T: Why? Ss: Because it modifies the word, “textbooks”. T: Good. It is used as Attribute. I agree with the first student. Step III Explanation T: We know that the Past Participle can be used as Adverbial. Now look at these sentences on the blackboard. (Teacher writes the following on the blackboard.) 1. Don't speak until spoken to. 2. Given more time, we could do the work much better. 3. Destroyed by the earthquake, the house had to be rebuilt. T: What are these past participle used us? Ss: They are all used as Adverbial. T: Yes, You're right. And we know that the Past Participle used as Adverbial can express different adverbials, such as: time, cause, condition, manner and so on. Do you know what the Past Participle in each sentence expresses? Who knows? Sa: The Past Participle in the first sentence expresses time. The second one expresses condition. And the last one expresses cause. T: Very good. Now, I'll give you a few minutes to discuss with your partner about how to replace these past participles by using adverbial clauses. T: (A few minutes later.) Who'd like to try the first sentence? Sb: I'd like to. “Don't speak until you're spoken to. ” T：Good. Please sit down. What about the second sentence? Who knows? Sc: I know. If we were given more time, we could do the work much better. T: OK. Sit down, please. Now, the last sentence. Who wants to have a try? S: Beeause the house had been destroyed by the earthquake, it had to be rebuilt. T: Good. (Teacher writes the sentences above on the blackboard.) Step VI Comparison T: As we all know, the Past Participle and the Present Partieiple can be used as Adverbial, for example: (Teacher writes the following examples on the blackboard. ) 1. Seen from the hill, our school looks more beautiful. 2. Seeing from the hill, we can see our beautiful school. T: Look at these two sentences carefully. Can you tell us the difference between them? S: The first sentence uses the Past Participle as Adverbial while the second sentence uses the Present Participle as Adverbial. T: Good. Do you know why? S: Because the subject in the first sentence is “our school”, but in the second sentence the subject is “we”. T: Very good. When we are using participles, we should pay attention to the subjects in the sentences, and the participle we use must have the same logical subject as the subject in the sentence. If the subject in the sentence receives the action, we should use the Past Participle as Adverbial; if the subject in the sentence does the action, we should use the Present Participle as Adverbial. Do you nderstand? Ss: Yes. (责任编辑：admin) |