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7.Sometimes , the English spoken in America or Canada or Australia changed ; but sometimes the language spoken in these places stayed the same , while the language in England changed. 有的时候，美国，加拿大或澳大利亚所说的英语发生了变化;但有的时候，这些地方所说的英语保持不变，而英国说的英语发生了变化。 1)在句中“spoken in America or Canada or Australia”和“the language”，其作用相当于定语从句。 如：Sometimes , the English which was spoken in America or Canada or Australia changed ; but sometimes the language (Which was spoken)in England changed . 2.which在句中是并列连词，表示两种情况的对照，对比或相反的情况，意思是“进而”、“而”、“却”。 例如： He is tall while his elder brother is short . 他个子高而他的哥哥个子却矮。 English is understood all over the world while turkish is spoken by only a few people outside turkey itself . 英语世界通行，而土耳其语离开本国就很少有人说了。 8.But Americans still talk about “fall” just as people do in some parts of western England . 但是，美国人还是说“fall”，就像英格兰有些地区的人说“fall”一样。 1)本句中的助动词do与下句“In the same way Americans use the expression”I guess “(meaning “I think ”) just as the British did 300 years ago .”中的did的用法是相同的。它们分别代替上文中出现过的谓语动词“talk”和“use”，以避免不必要的重复。 2)just as , as是连词，引导一个表示方式的状语从句，意思是“正如”，“恰似”，“按照”。 例如： Please do as I’ve told you . 请按我说的去做。 I have changed it as you suggest . 我已按照你的建议作了修改。 She loves singing and dancing , just as her mother does . 正如她母亲一样，她也喜欢唱歌跳舞。 Please leave everything just as you find it . 请让一切都保持原状吧。 9.a great many + 名词/of代词，这里一个固定搭配用法，作“许多”，“非常多”解(=a large number of ). many在句中可用作形容词，也可用作代词。 例如： A great many workers went on stride last week . 上周许多工人举行了罢工。 Now a great many of them are out of work . 现在他们当中许多人都失业了。 10.There are several reasons for this . 这种情况的原因有几个。 1)the/ one’s reason for sth or doing sth是一个固定搭配的用法，作“…的原因、理由”解，the reason后不能用of。 the reason why +从句，意思也是“…的原因”。在口语中也可以用the reason that . 例如： Give me your reasons for doing it . 告诉我你做那件事的理由。 What is the reason for your hurry ? 你为什么这么匆忙? This is the reason why he didn’t pass the examination . 这就是他考试不及格的原因。 The reason that he didn’t pass the exam was that he didn’t work hard enough . 他考试不及格的原因是学习不够努力。 3)reason与cause的区别。 reason与cause作名词时都有“原因”和“理由”的意思。reason通常指产生某种行为 或想法的推理上的理由，而cause通常指导致某一事件发生的起因。reason常和for连用，而cause常和of连用。 例如： Please give me your reason for absence . 请你把缺席的理由告诉我。 The cause of the fire is still unknown . 这场大火的起因还不知道呢。 11.…they also brought in some words from their own languages . …他们也把自己语言中的一些词汇带到英国中来了。 bring in是动词词组。意思是“带进来”，“请进来”，“赚得”，“带来收入”。 例如： We’ll bring in a professor to give us a lecture on the difference between American English (责任编辑：admin) |