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2018高考英语三轮冲刺,易混易错英语词汇辨析99组

http://www.newdu.com 2018-11-27 三好网 佚名 参加讨论

    高考英语要想得高分,一定要过词汇关,小编为各位高考生整理了99组高考英语中易混易错的英语词汇辨析。希望各位考生在2018高考英语三轮冲刺中能扎扎实实地复习,拿到可以拿到的分数。
    
    1.clothes,cloth,clothing  
    clothes统指各种衣服,谓语动词永远是复数,cloth指布,为不可数名词clothing服装的总称,指一件衣服用apieceof,anarticleof  
    2.amount,number  
    amount后接不可数名词,number后接可数名词anumberofstudents  
    3.sound,voice,noise  
    sound自然界各种各样的声音,voice人的嗓音,noise噪音Ihatetheloudnoiseoutside.  
    4.cause,reason  
    cause指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因,后接ofsth./doingsth,reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由,后接forsth./doingsth.thereasonforbeinglate  
    5.exercise,exercises,practice  
    exercise运动,锻炼(不可数),exercises练习(可数),practice(反复做的)练习Practicemakesperfect.  
    6.officer,official  
    officer部队的军官,official政府官员anarmyofficer  
    7.work,job  
    二者均指工作。work不可数,job可数agoodjob  
    8.cook,cooker  
    cook厨师,cooker厨具Heisagoodcook.  
    9.problem,question  
    problem常和困难连系,前面的动词常为thinkabout,solve,raise,question常和疑问连系,多和ask,answer连用
    10.anumberof,thenumberof  
    anumberof许多,谓语动词用复数。thenumberof…的数目,谓语动词用单数。Thenumberofstudentsisincreasing.  
    11.chick,chicken  
    二者均可指小鸡,chicken还可以当鸡肉Thechickenisdelicious.  
    12.trip,journey,travel,voyage  
    travel是最常用的,trip指短期的旅途,journey指稍长的旅途,voyage指海上航行athree-daytrip  
    13.infrontof,inthefrontof  
    infrontof范围外的前面,inthefrontof范围内的前面Inthefrontoftheroomsitsaboy.
     
    14.threeofus,thethreeofus  
    threeofus我们(不止三个)中的三个,thethreeofus我们三个(就三个人)Thethreeofus---Tom,JackandIwenttothecinema.  
    15.bybus,onthebus  
    bybus表手段,方式,不用冠词,onthebus表范围Theywenttherebybus.
    16.foramoment,forthemoment  
    foramoment片刻,一会儿,forthemoment暂时,一时Thinkingforamoment,heagreed.  
    17.inaword,inwords  
    inaword总之,一句话,inwords口头上Inaword,youareright.  
    18.inplaceof,intheplaceof  
    inplaceof代替,intheplaceof在…地方Anewbuildingisbuiltintheplaceoftheoldone.  
    19.gotosea,bysea,bythesea  
    gotosea当海员,出航,bysea乘船,由海路,bythesea在海边gobysea  
    20.thedoctorandteacher,thedoctorandtheteacher  
    thedoctorandteacher指一个人,既是医生又是老师,thedoctorandtheteacher两个人,一个医生和一个老师thedoctorandteacheris  
    21.inoffice,intheoffice  
    inoffice在职的,intheoffice在办公室里Heisinoffice,notoutofoffice.  
    22.inchargeof,inthechargeof  
    inchargeof管理,负责照料,inthechargeof由……照料Heisinchargeofthematter.Thematterisinthechargeofher.  
    23.outofquestion,outofthequestion  
    outofquestion毫无疑问的,outofthequestion不可能的  
    24.asecond,thesecond  
    asecond又一,再一,thesecond第……Hewonthesecondprize.  
    25.byday,bytheday  
    byday白天,bytheday按天计算Theworkersarepaidbytheday.  
    26.it,one  
    it同一物体,one同类不同一Ilostmypen.Ihavetobuyanewone.  
    27.none,nothing,noone  
    none强调有多少,nothing,noone强调有没有,nothing指物,noone指人---Howmany…/Howmuch…?---None.  
    28.other,another  
    other后接名词复数,another后接名词单数otherstudents,anotherstudent  
    29.notalittle,notabit  
    notalittle非常,notabit一点也不I\'mnotabittired.我一点儿也不累。
    30.many,much,alotof  
    many和可数名词连用,much和不可数名词连用,alotof可数,不可数均可,但不用于否定句Ihaven'tmanybooks.  
    31.no,not  
    no=nota/anynofriend=nota/anyfriendnowater=notanywater  
    32.nomorethan,notmorethan  
    nomorethan相当于only,仅仅,只有,notmorethan至多,不超过  
    33.tall,high  
    tall常指人或动物,high常指物体Heistall.  
    34.fast,quickly  
    fast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点,quickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快runfast,answerthequestionquickly  
    35.high,highly  
    high具体的高,highly抽象的高,高度的thinkhighlyof  
    36.sleeping,asleep,sleepy  
    sleeping正在睡觉,asleep睡着,熟睡,只能做表语,sleepy困的,有睡意的asleepingbabyThebabyisasleep.I'msleepy.  
    37.respectful,respectable  
    respectful尊敬,有礼貌,respectable可敬的,值得尊敬的berespectfultotheaged  
    38.pleasant,pleased,pleasing  
    pleasant常用作定语,pleased,pleasing常用作表语,pleased主语常为人,pleasing主语常为物apleasanttripThetripispleasing.  
    39.close,closely  
    close接近,靠近,closely紧紧地,紧密地closelyconnected,standclose
    40.ill,sick  
    ill做表语,sick定,表均可asickboy  
    41.good,well  
    good形容词,well副词,但指身体状况是形容词Heiswellagain.  
    42.hard,hardly  
    hard努力,hardly几乎不workhardIcanhardlybelieveit.  
    43.late,lately  
    late迟,晚,lately最近,近来Ihaven'tseenhimlately.  
    44.living,alive,live,lively  
    living,alive,live均为活着的,living定表均可,alive定表均可,定语后置,live只能做定语,lively意为活波的allthelivingpeople=allthepeoplealive  
    45.excited,exciting  
    excited使人兴奋的,exciting令人兴奋的I\'mexcited.Thenewsisexciting.  
    46.deep,deeply  
    deep具体的深,deeply抽象的深,深深地deeplymoved,digdeep  
    47.beforelong,longbefore  
    beforelong不久以后,longbefore很久以前notlongbefore=beforelong  
    48.instead,insteadof  
    instead是副词,放在句首或句末,insteadof是介词短语,放在句中Hedidn'tseeafilm.InsteadhewatchedTV.HewatchedTVinsteadofseeingafilm.  
    49.toomuch,muchtoo  
    toomuch后接不可数名词,muchtoo后接形容词muchtooheavy  
    50.raise,rise  
    raise及物动词,rise不及物动词Thesunrisesintheeast.  
    51.bring,take,carry,fetch  
    bring拿来,take带走,carry随身携带,fetch去回这一往返动作fetchaboxofchalk  
    52.spend,take,pay,cost  
    spend人做主语,花钱,花时间;spend…onsth./indoingsth;take物做主语,花时间;pay人做主语,花钱,payfor;cost物做主语,花钱  
    53.join,joinin,takepartin  
    join加入某个组织,并成为其中的一员;joinin参加小型的活动,joinsb.in;takepartin参加大型的活动Hejoinedthearmyfiveyearsago.
     
    54.leave,leavefor  
    leave离开,leavefor前往HeleftBeijingforShanghai.  
    55.usedto,beusedto  
    usedto过去常常,beusedto习惯于,后接sth./doingsth.;被用来,后接dosth.Heisusedtogettingupearly.  
    56.win,lose,beat  
    win后接sth.,反义词为lose,beat后接sb.winthegame,beatthem  
    57.liveon,liveby  
    liveon以…为主食,liveby靠…谋生liveonfish/livebyfishing  
    58.lose,miss  
    lose失去(具体的物体),错过sth.islost,losethechance;miss想念,错过sth.ismissing,missthechance  
    59.betiredof,betiredwith/from  
    betiredof厌烦…,betiredwith/from因为…而累了betiredwith/fromrunning800meters  
    60.careabout,carefor  
    careabout关心,计较,在乎,一般多用于否定句中;carefor关心,照料,喜欢,愿意Hedoesn'tcareabouthisclothes.Idon'tcareformovies.  
    61.feed,raise  
    feed喂养,养活,饲养(togivefoodto),raise饲养,养育(causetogrow,bringupchildren)raisethefamily  
    62.meantodo,meandoing  
    meantodo打算,想要做某事,meandoing意思是,意味着BythisImeangivingthestudentsmorepractice.  
    67.diefrom,dieof  
    diefrom表示死于(枪)伤,虚弱,过度劳累,饮食过度等,dieof表示死于疾病,饥饿,寒冷,年老,忧愁,失恋等精神因素dieofhungerandcold  
    68.payfor,payback,payoff  
    payfor为…付钱,payback还钱,但不一定还清,payoff还清payforthebook,payoffthedebt  
    69.arrive,get,reach  
    arrive不及物动词,后接in(大地点),at(小地点),get不及物动词后接to,reach及物动词arriveinBeijing,gettoBeijing,reachBeijing  
    70.manage,try  
    managetodo设法做成了某事,trytodo尽力去做某事但不一定成功Hetriedtopasstheexam,buthefailed.  
    71.befamiliarto,befamiliarwith  
    befamiliarto某物对某人来说是熟悉的,befamiliarwith某人熟悉某物Thebookisfamiliartome.I'mfamiliarwiththebook.  
    72.agreewith,agreeto,agreeon  
    agreewith同意某人,agreeto同意某事,agreeon在…上达成一致意见,主语是复数agreewithyou,agreetotheplan  
    73.receive,accept  
    receive收到某一东西,但不一定接受,accept接受Ireceivedagift,butIdidn'tacceptit.  
    74.wear,puton,dress  
    wear和dress表状态,wear接衣服等,可用进行时,dress接人,bedressedin,puton表动作
    It'scoldoutside.Putonyourwarmclothes.  
    75.listen,hear  
    listen强调动作,hear强调结果Ilistened,butIheardnothing.  
    76.look,see,watch  
    look看的动作,see看的结果,watch强调所看物体的变化、移动和发展watchTV  
    77.lie,lay  
    lie躺,位于(lay,lain),说谎(lied,lied),lay平放(laid,laid)laythebook  
    78.hurt,injure,wound  
    hurt感情上受伤,injure事故中受伤,wound战争中受伤Hewaswoundedinthewar.  
    79.turn,get,grow  
    turn表突变,后常接表颜色的词,get强调变的结果,grow强调过程,逐渐的变化turnyellow,gettired,growbig
    80.happen,takeplace  
    happen偶然性的没有预料到的事情的发生,takeplace必然性的发生Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometown.  
    81.at,in(表地点)  
    at小地点,in大地点arriveatasmallvillage,arriveinShanghai  
    82.increaseto,increaseby  
    increaseto增长到…,increaseby增长了…Thenumberincreasedby2,000to5,000.  
    83.since,for(完成时间状语)  
    since接点时间或一句话,for接一段时间forthreeyears,since3:00  
    84.onearth,ontheearth,intheearth  
    onearth在世上,在人间,到底,究竟,一点也不,ontheearth在地上,在地球上,intheearth在地下,在泥土里nouseonearth  
    85.insurprise,toone'ssurprise  
    insurprise惊奇地,toone'ssurprise使某人吃惊的是,  
    86.intheair,ontheair,inthesky  
    intheair正在酝酿中,ontheair播送,广播,inthesky在天空中Hisshowisontheairat6:00tonight.  
    87.through,across  
    through穿越空间,across在…上穿过throughtheforest,acrossthedesert  
    88.ontheway,intheway  
    ontheway在前往…的路上,intheway挡路Thechairisintheway.  
    89.above,on,over  
    above在上面,不接触,on在上面,接触,over在正上方flyoverthehill  
    90.until,not…until  
    until到…为止,not…until直到…才(常跟点动词连用)Iwaiteduntil3:00.Hedidn'tcomeuntil3:00.
    91.besides,except,exceptfor  
    besides除了…还(包括在内)except除了(不包括在内),exceptfor整体…除了某一点以外Thecompositionisgoodexceptforafewspellingmistakes.  
    92.weather,if  
    当是否解时,只有在宾语从句中二者可以互换,其余都用weather,当如果解时用ifIdon'tknowif/whetherhewillcome.Ifhecomes,I'llletyouknow.  
    93.because,since,as,for  
    原因由强到弱为:because,since/as,for.在句中的位置如下:1)…because…2)Since/as…,…3)…,for…SinceIwasill,Ididn'tgo.  
    94.when,as,while(表时间)  
    when从句动词点动词,持续性动词均可,as重在表示动作同时发生,伴随进行,while从句动词为持续性动词WhileIslept,athiefbrokein.  
    95.thesame…as,thesame…that  
    thesame…as和…一样的(相似但不同一),thesame…that同一物体ThisisthesamepenthatIusedyesterday.(同一支笔)  
    96.aswell,aswellas  
    aswell也,常放于句末,和and连用表示既…又;aswellas并列连词,不但…而且…Heisaprofessor,andawriteraswell.  
    97.such…as,such…that  
    such…as像…样的,such…that如此…以至于Heisnotsuchafoolashelookslike.Heissuchagoodstudentthatalltheteacherslikehim.  
    98.because,becauseof  
    because连词,连接两句话,becauseof介词短语,后接词或短语Hedidn'tgotoschoolbecauseofhisillness.  
    99.inorderthat,inorderto  
    表目的,inorderthat后接句子,inorderto后接动词原形Igotupearlyinordertocatchthefirstbus.IgotupearlysothatIcouldcatchthefirstbus.  
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