耶鲁校长毕业演讲：越社交越孤独，这病该这样治？
http://www.newdu.com 2024/11/24 11:11:12 普惠英才 佚名 参加讨论
社交网络里，我们是不是都成了最熟悉的陌生人? 耶鲁大学校长彼得·萨洛维(Peter Salovey)在2017毕业季演讲中重点谈了这个问题，他说，这是一个人们敲敲键盘就可以在社交媒体上同时和几百个人聊天交友的时代，然而，越来越多的人的生活是围着互联网转，越社交越孤独。 如何重建社会纽带，重拾热忱，重建人与人之间的友谊?请看彼得·萨洛维演讲全文： 2017 grade graduates, family members and friends, today is very happy to be with you, this is full of joy and hope of the day, and I also with a sense of pride today. This is a beautiful Yale tradition, now please allow me: Please all the family members who got up here to witness the 2017 outstanding Yale students graduation ceremony. Now, please 2017 graduates to support you to today's milestone in the people, please rise to pay tribute. thank you all! Before graduation season, I did a very important thing to fly to California and celebrate the Passover with my family (Passover.) Many of you know that it was a memorial to the Jews in Egypt for slaves and celebrated them from And by the recitation of the food called Haggadah, the Passover will reflect on this history as if they had gone through the same. The Passover slavery and the theme of freedom can also resonate today, just as thousands of years ago. Many contemporary Haggadot (Haggadot, Haggadah's plural quotes modern struggles, such as African Americans for liberation And civil rights, as well as today's efforts to end trafficking. My family has been using the traditional version of Haggadah from Madwell House Coffee since 1932. Obviously, this is also used by former President Barack Obama at the White House's annual banquet. Part of the day, we will be reminded, because thousands of years ago we were in the Egyptian land on the stranger, so we must welcome the stranger to our own feast.We recited, 'let all hungry The people come in and have food to eat ... so that all the people who have come to meet with us to celebrate the Passover. This can be traced back a long time ago, written in Aramaic, which is the daily spoken language of most of the Middle East from 2000 to 3000. So they can easily be understood by those who accept the charity. , The owner of the house may open the door, read these words to invite all the people to attend the celebration. Remember what it feels like a stranger is not only important in the Passover.We told us in Jewish ures that we show goodwill to strangers, and Moses warned that we would never hurt a stranger, In the Exodus, we are told: 'Do not blame or oppress a stranger because you are a stranger in the land of Egypt.' In the other places of the Exodus , Which is a strange place to be written as 'alone in a foreign land of the stranger' - which became Robert Heinlein (Robert Heinlein popular science fiction title inspiration in the << Leviticus >> (Leviticus, In a volume in the Old Testament, we read: 'When a stranger and you live in your place, you should not be targeted everywhere, on the contrary, for the stranger who is with you, You will love him as much as he is, because you used to be a heterogeneous Egyptian land. 'I am a foreigner, and you must welcome me.' Peter Rosazza, Archbishop of the Archbishop of Hartford, in the passage of this passage, did not only have this kind of care in Judaism. In the explanation to the Hebrew letter, we were told: 'Do not ignore the hospitality of strangers, because some people do not know it Angels do. 'Imagine if all the strangers - all the foreigners are regarded as the messengers of God, how wonderful the world will be! The Koran also guides the Muslims: 'for your parents, close relatives or orphans, those in need, your neighbors and neighbors from the field, whether friends around you or passers-by from afar ...' There is an ancient Hindu ure that 'the guest is God.' The hospitality to the guests and strangers - known as 'Manuya Ya Yana' - is based on the Vedic practice (Vedic practice daily 'five sacrifices 'one. Back to the Hebrew Bible, we find this reminder of the aphorism, the wording is different from other people: 'You do not oppress a stranger, because you know the feeling of a stranger, because you are also a stranger in the Egyptian region. The words are translated pretty, like 'because you know the heart of a stranger who travels from afar.' Psychologists call this sympathy, which is known as compassion, and associate it with morality and ethics, and if we can find the true meaning of compassion, we are more likely to be kind to others. Here we are told how to act - how do not let strangers be confused - because we can understand their feelings, their hearts. But it is a very easy thing to show sympathy? Not always. This is why there is no one group, no religious beliefs are in line with their own external treatment ideal one of the reasons. Exclusion and oppression has always been the prevalence of many human society When we feel lost, threatened or frightened, it is difficult for us to think about transposition. In fact, stress and uncertainty may lead us to blame others - looking for a scapegoat instead of sympathizing with them. Today, not onlyimmigrants and refugees are 'alone in a foreign land for the stranger', in the United States and around the world, we have become unfamiliar with each other.We find it difficult to understand each other's point of view, it is difficult to deal with differences.We can not imagine our country Of people think, how to do.Although constantly communicate, we also found and the other increasingly drift away, it is difficult to reconcile. Over the past three decades, according to a recent article by Forbes, it has been reported that the number of Americans who have not had a friend has tripled. How is this possible? It's a time for people to knock on a keyboard in social media And hundreds of people chatting friends of the times ah!However, more and more people's lives are around the Internet, the more social the more lonely.To know, send text messages, send e-mail, hair push special down the phone and a living person to deal with more simple! In the twentieth century, the French sociologist Emile Durheim (Emile Durkheim talked about this 'anomie' phenomenon - a kind of And the social derailment of the loneliness, he believes that his great changes in life - the rise of industry, large-scale production and urban growth - is the link between the culprits less. A century later, but before people began to worry about the network, social media has begun to shape our way of communication, political scientist Robert Putnam (Robert Putnam with 'bowling' image describes the collapse of contemporary social network of traditional society Putnam found that we no longer joined our community activities, and we no longer define ourselves through clubs and civic organizations that represent our hobbies and interests. What happens if we are weakened in social relations? How can we feel safe when we are no longer in the social network or community? One possible result is that we take the stone and hit our feet.We may spend a lot of time staring at The mirror is only concerned with the information that is consistent with our previous beliefs, and we will only focus on what we do about ourselves and we become isolated and helpless. 'We all know the taste of loneliness, and we already know that the only solution is love, and that love comes from the sense of belonging of social groups,' wrote Dorothy, a social activist of the twentieth century. There is no community, no compassion, I can not see myself from the eyes of others.On the contrary, those strangers are ignored, and even demonized. And Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Judaism and many other traditions are contrary to us No longer welcome strangers to our table.On the contrary, we build the walls and keep them away from us. Perhaps in a beautiful sunny afternoon in the past four years, you walk to the Grove Street Cemetery and discover the tombstone of the 17th president of Yale, Kim Brewster, who led the university in a period of historical turmoil , He advocated coeducational and tried to maintain peace during the Panthers experiment in New Haven City (United States of America Connecticut port city). Brewster's epitaph wrote: 'The presumption of innocence is not only a legal concept of law and common sense, it needs a generous spirit of strangers, expecting what is the best, not the worst.' Brewster is familiar with the conflict And the strife, he knows how deep the differences between people can be, and he knows how misunderstandings and fears can be separated from people, but he expects to be the best among the others, which is his common sense. Kyrgyzstan and the social commentator Ta-Nehisi Coates have called for 'deep sympathy from the heart.' This deep compassion should inspire us and inspire us, and this is a powerful tool. We take action to serve others and our social groups. In 2017, you have been on campus for four years, trying to become popular and accepted people, you and a variety of background and industry people to establish a lasting friendship, when you meet each other when they are unfamiliar, but you hand in hand Created the Yale family, you sang: Four seasons change, Yun Shu Yun roll Snow-capped, spring-filled Time passes, marshes Yale friendship, daughter does not change I urge you to bring these experiences into the world - the world needs your contribution, your curiosity, and your compassion . I hope you will experience the pain of the world, empathy and the world as their responsibility. Hospitality, and people are good, to see people, you do is the angel thing. 2017年级毕业生，家庭成员和朋友们，今天很开心能和你们在一起，这是充满了喜悦和希望的一天，并且我今天也怀着一种自豪感。 这是一个美好的耶鲁的传统，现在请允许我： 请所有在座的家庭成员们起身，共同见证2017届杰出的耶鲁学子的毕业典礼。 现在，请2017届的毕业生对支持你们走到今天的里程碑的人们，请你们起身致敬。 谢谢你们! 毕业季之前，我做了一件很重要的事，飞到加州，与我的家人一起庆祝逾越节(Passover)。你们中许多人知道，这是纪念犹太人在埃及为奴的节日，并且庆祝他们从束缚中解脱出来。通过朗诵名为哈加达(Haggadah)凡人礼仪文字和仪式的食物，逾越节时的每个人都会反思这个历史，就好像他们自己经历了一样。 逾越节的奴隶制和自由的主题在今天也能引发人们的共鸣，正如几千年前一样。许多当代的哈加多特(Haggadot ，Haggadah的复数)引用了现代斗争，如非洲裔美国人争取解放和公民权利，以及今天为结束贩卖人口所做的努力。 我的家人自1932年以来一直使用由麦克斯韦之家咖啡公司(Madwell House Coffee)主办的传统版本的Haggadah。显然，这也是前总统奥巴马在白宫的一年一度的家宴中使用的!最让我喜欢的部分是，这天晚上，我们会被提醒，因为几千年前我们曾经是在埃及土地上的异乡人，所以我们必须欢迎异乡人到我们自己的家宴。我们背诵道，“让所有饥饿的人进来有口饭吃……让所有遇难的人都来和我们一起庆祝逾越节”。 这种感情可以追溯到很久以前，文字是用阿拉姆语写成的，这是2000年至3000年前中东大部分时间的日常口语，所以他们可以很容易地被那些接受施舍的人所理解。过去，房子的主人可能会打开家门，诵读着这些话邀请所有经过的人来参加庆祝活动。 请记住成为一个异乡人是什么感觉，这不仅在逾越节很重要。我们在犹太经文中反复告诉我们，向陌生人表示善意。摩西五经警告我们永远不要伤害一个异乡人，在三十五到四十六章节，取决于它的翻译版本。在出埃及记中，我们被告知：“你们不要指责或者压迫一个异乡人，因为你是埃及地的异乡人。”在出埃及记的其他地方，这是在陌生的地方被写成“独在异乡的异乡人” ——这成为了罗伯特·海因莱因(Robert Heinlein)的流行科幻小说的标题灵感。在《利未记》(Leviticus，基督教圣经《旧约全书》中的一卷)中我们读到：“当一个异乡人和你在你们的地方居住的时候，你不应该处处针对，相反，对于与你同在的异乡人，你们要像他一样爱他，因为你们曾经是是埃及地的异类。” 并不只有犹太教有这种关怀。耶稣在最后审判的寓言中说：“我是外国人，你必须欢迎我。”哈特福德大主教管区主教彼得·罗萨萨(Peter Rosazza)在对这段经文的解释中说，欢迎外国人是相当于欢迎耶稣。后来，在给希伯来书的信中，我们被告知：“不要忽视对陌生人的热情好客，因为有些人在便不知不觉中做了天使该做的事情。”想象一下，如果所有陌生人——所有的外国人都被视为是神的使者，世界将会多么美好! 古兰经同样指导穆斯林：“为你们的父母，近亲和孤儿，有需要的人，你本族的邻居和来自外地的邻居，不管是你身边的朋友，还是来自远方的路人……” 有一个古老的印度教经文说：“客人就是上帝”。对客人和陌生人的款待 ——称为“马努雅雅雅娜”——是根据吠陀实践(Vedic practice)每天进行的“五大牺牲”之一。 回到希伯来圣经，我们发现这个提醒警句，措辞与其他人有所不同：“你不要压迫一个异乡人，因为你自己知道一个异乡人的感觉，因为你也是埃及地区的异乡人。 这句话被翻译得相当漂亮，就像“因为你懂得来自远方奔波劳累的异乡人的心”。 心理学家称这种懂得他人内心的心理称为同情心，并将其与道德和伦理联系起来。如果我们能找到同情的真谛，我们更有可能善待他人。在这里，我们被告知如何采取行动 ——如何不让陌生人迷惑 —— 因为我们可以理解他们的感受，他们的心。 但是展示同情是一件很容易的事情吗?并不总是。这就是为什么没有一个团体，没有宗教信仰完全符合自己的外在待遇理想的原因之一。排外和压迫一直是许多人类社会普遍存在的特征。当我们感到失落，威胁或恐惧时，我们很难做到换位思考。事实上，压力和未知可能会导致我们指责他人 ——寻找方便的替罪羊，而不是同情他们。 今天，不仅移民和难民是“独在异乡为异客”，在美国乃至世界各地，我们已经变得彼此陌生了。我们觉得很难理解对方的观点，很难处理分歧。我们无法想象我们国家的人怎么想，怎么做。尽管不断沟通，我们也发现和对方愈发渐行渐远，难以调和。 在过去三十年里，根据福布斯最近的一篇文章，报告说他们一个朋友都没有的美国人数量翻了三番。这怎么可能呢?这是一个人们敲敲键盘就可以在社交媒体上同时和几百个人聊天交友的时代啊!然而，越来越多的人的生活是围着互联网转，越社交越孤独。要知道，发短信、发邮件、发推特可比放下手机和一个活生生的人打交道简单多了! 这种现象由来已久，互联网恐怕要担更多的责任。在二十世纪之交，法国社会学家埃米尔·杜尔海姆(Emile Durkheim)谈到这一“失范”的现象——一种和社会脱轨的孤独感。他认为他一生中的巨大变化 —— 工业的崛起，大规模的生产和城市的增长 ——是人与人之间联系变少的元凶。 一个世纪以后，但是在人们开始对网络担忧之前，社交媒体就已经开始塑造我们的交流方式，政治学家罗伯特·普特南(Robert Putnam)用“保龄球”的形象描述了当代社会传统社会网络的坍塌。普特南发现我们不再加入到社区活动当中了，我们不再通过代表我们的爱好和兴趣的俱乐部和公民组织来界定自己。 那么如果社会关系弱化会发生什么呢?当我们不再深入社交网络或社区群体时，我们怎么能感到安全?一个可能的结果是我们搬起石头砸自己的脚。我们可能会花很多时间盯着镜子，只留心与我们先前存在的信仰一致的信息。我们只会专注和我们自己有关的事情。我们变得孤立无援。 二十世纪的社会活动家多萝西日写道：“我们都知道孤独的滋味 ，而且我们已经知道唯一的解决方案是爱，而且这种爱是从社会团体的归属感中来的。” 没有社区，没有同情心，我从他人的眼中看不到自己。相反，那些异乡人都被忽视，甚至被妖魔化了。和印度教、伊斯兰教、基督教、犹太教以及许多其他传统相悖的是，我们不再欢迎陌生人到我们的桌子上。相反，我们建造墙壁，使他们远离我们。 也许在过去四年的一个美丽的阳光明媚的下午，你散步到格罗夫街公墓，发现了耶鲁第十七任总统金布鲁斯特的墓碑。布鲁斯特曾经在历史动荡的时期领导了这所大学，他倡导男女同校，并试图在黑豹实验在纽黑文市(美国康涅狄格州港市)举行期间维持和平。 布鲁斯特的墓志铭写道：“无罪推定不仅是法律和常识上一个法学概念，它需要对陌生人的慷慨的精神，期望什么是最好的，而不是最坏的。“布鲁斯特熟悉冲突和纷争，他知道人们之间的分歧可以有多么深，他知道误解和恐惧可以怎样离间人们。然而，他期望在其他人中是最好的，这是他的常识。 那让那成为我们的共识吧。同情是一个强大的工具。作家和社会评论家Ta-Nehisi Coates曾经呼吁“发自内心的深深的同情”。这种深深的同情心应激励我们，激励我们采取行动，为他人和我们的社会团体服务。 2017年，你们刚刚在校园内度过了四年，努力成为受欢迎和被接纳的人，你们与各种背景和行业的人们建立了持久的友谊，当初你们相遇时也彼此陌生，但是你们携手创建了耶鲁这个大家庭。你们唱着歌： 四季更迭，云舒云卷 白雪皑皑，春意盎然 时间流逝，沧海桑田 耶鲁情谊，千金不换 我敦促你把这些经验带入世界——这个世界需要你们的贡献，你的好奇心，以及你的同情心。 我希望你们历尽人间疾苦，换位思考并以天下为己任。热情好客，与人为善，体察人心，你做的就是天使的事情。 (责任编辑：admin) |