2021年高三英语语法一轮复习:状语从句考点精练
http://www.newdu.com 2024/11/01 06:11:14 三好网 佚名 参加讨论
状语从句指在句子中用作状语的从句。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等九种状语从句。下面是高中英语老师给大家带来2021年高三英语语法一轮复习状语从句考点精练,帮助考生高效学习。 一、基础知识 1.主语是发出动作的人或物;谓语是______________;宾语是______________。 2.定语修饰______________;状语包括时间、地点、方式、原因、结果等状语。 3.表语是系动词后面的词、短语或句子;补语是补充说明______________; 同位语的作用是______________. 4.五种简单句的结构是:______________、主+谓+宾、______________、主+谓+宾+宾补、 ______________。 二、选择适当的词填空 andbutoreither…orsoforwhile 1.Wewanttogotothematch,_______wedidn’tgettheticket. 2.Somepeoplearebuyingthestock,_______wearesellingthestock. 3.Youmustgoearly,_______youwillmissthebus. 4.Themanagerwasill,_______Iwentinherplace. 5.Theywerehappy_______theydeservedtheirhappiness. 6.Putonsomeclothes,_______youwillcatchcold. 第七讲状语从句一 状语从句概述 一、状语从句的定义 思考一个问题: 状语是:_________________________________________________________ 【答案】修饰动词、形容词或一句话,表示时间、地点、原因、结果等 找出下面句子的状语 1.Hecametothelibrarytofindsomematerials. 2.Myfatherboughtahouseinthesuburb. 3.Wefoundawalletonthegrandlastnight. 将上面句子的状语部分改成一个句子 1.Hecametothelibrarytofindsomematerials. _____________________________________________________________ 2.Myfatherboughtahouseinthesuburb. _____________________________________________________________ 3.Wefoundawalletonthegroundlastnight. _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】 1.Hecametothelibrarysothathecanfindsomematerials. 2.Myfatherboughtahousewheretheairqualityisbetterthanthecity. 3.Wefoundawalletonthegroundwhenwehadawalkafterdinnerlastnight. 根据以上句子可知,状语从句为: _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】状语由一个句子充当。 二、状语从句的分类 1.HedistrustedmebecauseIwasnew. 2.Ifyouhaveanyotherquestions,justwritetome. 3.Duskfellbeforewerealizedit. 4.Wemustcampwherewecangetwater. 5.We’llmakeatripeventhoughtheweatherisbad. 6.I’msoexcitedtohearthatyouarecomingtoBeijingthissummervacation. 7.Theycompletelyignorethesefactsasiftheyneverexisted. 8.Sheworkedhardsothateverythingwouldbereadyby5o'clock. 9.HehasgotnolesspresentsthanIdidlasttime. 状语从句一共_______种,分别是: ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】九种;时间、地点、原因、结果、方式、条件、让步、目的、比较状语从句。 时间状语从句 一、常见连接词 【答案】 1.when,while,as 2.before,after,until,since 3.assoonas,themoment,theminute,theinstant,hardly…when…, nosooner…than… 二、when,while和as的区别 1.WhenIlivethere,IusedtogototheseashoreonSunday. 2.Whenthefilmended,thepeoplewentback. 3.Hesawasnakewhilehewasdiggingahole. 4.Pleasedon’ttalksolaudwhileothersareworking. 5.Asmymothersangthesong,tearsrandownhercheeks. 6.Astimegoeson,it’sgettingwarmerandwarmer. 由以上可知,when,while和as的区别为: 1.when:_____________________________________________________________ 2.while:_____________________________________________________________ 3.as:_____________________________________________________________ 二、until的用法 请尝试翻译下面的句子。 1.直到老师走进教室,教室才安静下来。 ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Theclassroomisnoisyuntiltheteachercamein. 注意:______________________________________________________________ 【答案】until表示“直到…某个动作才停止” 【能力提升】 请翻译下面的句子 1.直到他回到北京,我们才见了面。 ___________________________________________________________________ 2.直到作出决定,我们才停止了讨论。 ___________________________________________________________________ 3.直到大家都到这,他才出现。 ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 1.Wehadn’tmeteachotheruntilhereturnedtoBeijing. 2.Wekeptdiscussinguntilthedecisionwasmade. 3.Hedidn’tshowupuntileveryonewashere. 三、hardly…when…,nosooner…than…用法 1.Assoonaswegotoffthetrain,wewereallexcitedandattractedbythehistorictouch. 2.Assoonasweenteredthepark,Tomwasattractedbythebeautifulscenery. 3.Hardlyhadwegotoffthetrainwhenwewereallexcitedandattractedbythehistorictouch. 4.NosoonerhadweenteredtheparkthanTomwasattractedbythebeautifulscenery. 比较以上两组句子的不同,可以总结一个固定句式为: ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】hardly/nosoonerhadsb.donesth.when/than… 【能力提升】 1.Itstartedtorainassoonasthegamebegan. ___________________________________________________________________ 2.Thelightwentoutthemomenthefinishedthepaper. ___________________________________________________________________ 3.AstudentcametoseemeassoonasIwentout. ___________________________________________________________________ 4.我刚刚进屋,就下雨了。 ___________________________________________________________________ 5.他刚一到,就开始抱怨。 ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 1.Hardlyhadthegamebegunwhenitstartedtorain. 2.Hardlyhadhefinishedthepaperwhenthelightwentout. 3.HardlyhadIwentoutwhenthestudentcametoseeme. 4.HardlyhadIwalkedintothehouse,itstartedtorain. 5.Hardlyhadhearrivedwhenhebegancomplaining. 【精讲精练】 1.Amancanfailmanytimes,butheisn’tafailure_______hebeginstoblamesomebodyelse. A.whenB.ifC.untilD.once 答案:C。根据句意一个人可以失败很多次,但是知道他开始责备别人,他才是一个失败者,应该选until。 2."Youcan’thavethisfootballback_______youpromisenottokickitatmycatagain,"theoldmansaid firmly. A.becauseB.sinceC.whenD.until 答案:D。根据句意知道你承诺不会再踢我的猫,你才能拿回你的足球,应选until。 3.Jimcamebackearlylastnight.Itwasnotyeteighto’clock_______hegothome. A.beforeB.thatC.whenD.until 答案:C。根据句意当他会叫的时候还不到8点,应该用when。 4.Theboywassotiredthathefellasleep_______hismothercouldtakeoffhisclothes. A.beforeB.afterC.whileD.when 答案:A。根据句意这个男孩太困了,在他妈妈给他脱衣服之前,就已经睡着了,所以用when。 5.Friendsareangelswholiftustoourfeet_______ourwingshavetroublerememberinghowtofly. A.unlessB.becauseC.thoughD.when 答案:D。根据句意,朋友就是一些天使,他们可以在当你忘记如何飞翔的时候,帮你起飞,所以用when。 地点状语从句 连接词 【答案】where;wherever 【精讲精练】 1.Ifyouaretraveling_______thecustomsarereallyforeigntoyourown,pleasedoastheRomansdo. A.inwhichB.whatC.whenD.where 答案:D。根据句意,如果你去到一个习俗和你们不一样的地方,请最好入乡随俗,所以用where。 2.You’dbetternotleavethemedicine_______kidscangetatit. A.evenifB.whichC.whereD.sothat 答案:C。根据句意,你最好不要把药房在孩子们可以够到的地方,选where。 3.Althoughheknewlittleaboutthelargeamountofworkdoneinthefield,hesucceeded_______other morewell-informedexperimentersfailed. A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that 答案:B。根据句意,虽然他不怎么知道这个领域的很多工作,但是他却在很多熟练的实验员失败的地方成 功了,所以用where。 【能力提升】 1.有学校的地方,房价一般比较贵。 ___________________________________________________________________ 2.有IPhone卖的地方,就会有很多人。 ___________________________________________________________________ 3.我们无论在哪,都有雾霾。 ___________________________________________________________________ 4.无论你去哪,我都会追你。 ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 1.Housepriceisnormallyexpensivewherethereisaschool. 2.TherearealotofpeoplewheretheIPhoneissold. 3.Whereverweare,smogwillbearoundus. 4.Whereveryougo,Iwillfollowyou. 原因状语从句 一、连接词 【答案】 1.because,as,for,since,nowthat 2.consideringthat,seeingthat,forthereasonthat 二、because,as,for,since区别 1.Hewaslate,becausehiscarbrokedownhalfway. Theydidn’tshowupbecausetheydidn’twanttoseeyou. because:_____________________________________________________________ 【答案】用来表示不知道的原因,用why提问,只能用because。 2.Sinceyouknowthetruth,youshouldtrustme. Aswesleptlatelastnight,weshouldsleepearlytonight. since/as:_____________________________________________________________ 【答案】表示显而易见的原因。 3.Themoviemustbeover,forpeoplewalkedoutofthecinema. Thatmanshouldbeastar,foralotofpeoplearoundhim,callinghisname. for:_____________________________________________________________ 【答案】表推断,通常来说,后面的可以推出前面的结果。 【精讲精练】 1._______youareallback,we’dbetterstartourclassrightaway. A.EventhoughB.IfonlyC.NowthatD.Incase 答案:C。根据句意,既然你们都回来了,我们最好马上开始上课了,选nowthat。 2.CharlotteassuredTonythattheycouldeasilyfindthebaker_______shewasfamiliar withthearea. A.becauseB.untilC.althoughD.aslongas 答案:A。根据句意,Charlotte向Tony保证他们他们可以轻易的找到那个面包师,因为她对这很熟,选because。 3.Customerskeepcomingbackformore_______thestorechargesalowerpriceof theirgoods. A.ifB.whileC.asD.before 答案:C。根据句意,顾客们继续回来买更多的东西,因为这个商店的货物价格比较便宜。 4._______Tomhasnointerestinpiano,thereisnopointpushinghimtolearnit. A.IncaseB.NowthatC.EvenifD.Asfaras 答案:B。根据句意,既然Tom对钢琴不感兴趣,那们逼他学习是没有意义的。 【能力提升】 1.因为时间还很早,我决定和他一起下象棋。 ___________________________________________________________________ 2.由于正在下雨,我选择待在在家里 ___________________________________________________________________ 3.由于所有的座位都满了,他只好站着。 ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 1.Sinceitwasstillearly,IdecidedtoplayChinesechesswithhim. 2.Asitwasraining,Ichosetostayathome. 3.Asalltheseatswerefull,hestoodup. 【知识拓展】 根据汉语意思补全下面的句子 1.Helosthisjobbecauseof______________.由于年龄关系他失去了工作。 2.Shedoesn'tgotoschoolbecauseof______________.她没来上学因为她生病了。 3.Hearrivedlatedueto______________.由于暴风雨他来晚了。 4.Thatwasonaccountof______________.那是由于缺乏锻炼。 【答案】 1.hisage 2.herillness. 3.thestorm 4.lackofexercise 由上可知: ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】becauseof,dueto,onaccountof,owingto,thanksto表示因为时+短语 结果状语从句 一、连接词 【答案】so…that…,such…that… 二、so…that…和such…that…的区别 1.It’ssogoodabookthatI’vereaditagainandagain. 2.It’ssuchagoodbookthatI’vereaditagainandagain. 3.IwassonervousthatIcan’tsayanywords. 4.IwassuchanervouspersonthatIcan’tsayanywords. 由上可知: ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】such+名词;so+形容词/副词;当名词前有many,much,few,little修饰时,只能用so 【精讲精练】 1.Theteachertoldus_______funnystory_______wealllaughed. A.sucha;thatB.such;thatC.soa;thatD.so;that 答案:A。后面是funnystory名词,用sucha。 2.Theworkerswork_______hard_______theydon’thaveadayoffevenontheweekend. A.too;thatB.such;thatC.so;thatD.as;that 答案:C。句意,工人们工作的非常努力,他们在周末都不想休假,且hard为副词,只能用so…that… 3.Whenthefirebrokeout,manypeoplewereso_______thattheyran_______. A.frightening;wildB.frightened;wild C.frightened;wildlyD.frightening;wildly 答案:B。so后面加形容词,frightening表示令人害怕的,frightened表示害怕的,体现人的状态,所以用 frightened,后面run在这里是系动词,表示变成,后面加形容词,所以用wild。 4.ThedoctorsinORBIShavedone_______animportantjob_______thepatientsareallgratefultothem. A.too;toB.so;thatC.such;thatD.as;as 答案:C。句意,在ORBIS里的医生们做的如此重要的一个工作,很多病人对他们都非常感激,且animportant job是名词,选C。 【能力提升】 1.Theboyis_______youngthathecan'tgotoschool. 2.Hetoldus_______funnyastorythatwealllaughed. 3.Hehas_______fewbookstoreadthathehastoborrowsomebooksfromthelibrary. 4.Itis_______atallbuildingthatIcan'tseeitstop. 5.Thegirlshad_______ahighfeverthatshenearlydiedlastweek. 【答案】 1.so2.so3.so4.such5.such 出门测 成绩_______ 一、英译汉 1.since________________ 2.themoment________________ 3.wherever________________ 4.as________________ 5.so…that…________________ 6.hardly…when…________________ 7.for________________ 8.consideringthat________________ 二、单项选择 1.Happinesscomes_______westopcomplainingaboutthetroubleswehaveandofferthanksforallthetroubles wedon’thave A.beforeB.whenC.thoughD.unless 2.Housepricesareusuallymuchhigher_______therearesubwaystationsaround. A.whereB.unlessC.whileD.though 3.Iwonderwhetherhishearingisokay_______hehasturnedthetelevisionupveryloud. A.unlessB.althoughC.untilD.because 4.—DidyoureturnFred’scall? —Ididn’tneedto_______I’llseehimtomorrow. A.thoughB.unlessC.whenD.because 5.Thisis_______difficultproblemthatfewstudentscanworkitout. A.soB.soaC.suchD.sucha 6.Shefoundherwallet_______sheparkedhercar. A.whereB.becauseC.whenD.if 参考答案 入门测 一、基础知识 1.表示时态语态的动词;是动作的承受者 2.修饰名词 3.宾语;解释说明前面的名词 4.主+谓;主+系+表;主+谓+间宾+直宾 二、选择适当的词填空 1.but2.while 3.or4.so 5.and6.or 出门测 一、英译汉 1.因为2.一…就… 3.无论在哪4.因为 5.如此…以致于6.一…就… 7.因为8.鉴于 二、单项选择 BADDDA 声明: (责任编辑:admin) |